Five-Star Collection... Bud Powell

 ...and here we go again

At the end of last year, the story was deliberately left with The Amazing Bud Powell • Volume 1 — the first five-star album in Down Beat’s modern jazz reviews. It was a natural place to pause, with a promise implied rather than stated: the sequence would resume where it inevitably led. Returning now, Outlet Jazz picks up exactly at that point, with The Amazing Bud Powell • Volume 2, an album that also received the magazine’s highest rating and confirmed that the earlier accolade had been no isolated judgment.

The fact that Bud Powell was the first musician to achieve the highest rating was no small detail.His emergence as a modern pianist — capable of reshaping the bebop language from the keyboard — marked a clear before and after for critics and musicians alike. That initial five-star rating did more than celebrate virtuosity; it acknowledged, in real time, the arrival of a defining voice in mid-twentieth-century jazz.

Between 1949 and 1955, Bud Powell recorded three albums that not only defined his career but also shaped the course of modern jazz piano: The Amazing Bud Powell and The Artistry of Bud Powell. The Amazing Bud Powell, Vol. 1 (Blue Note, 1949–51) and The Amazing Bud Powell, Vol. 2 (Blue Note, 1953) document, with remarkable clarity, the evolution of an artist who brought the language of bebop to the keyboard with unprecedented precision and intensity. The first, recorded for Alfred Lion with musicians such as Fats Navarro, Sonny Rollins, and Max Roach, displays Powell’s genius in trio, quintet, and solo formats, establishing a model that would influence an entire generation. The second volume, more introspective and focused, reveals a less explosive but more refined Powell, asserting his voice amid the personal difficulties already beginning to surround him.

Finally, The Artistry of Bud Powell (Norgran, 1954), produced by Norman Granz, offers a different perspective on the pianist. Recorded in a more controlled setting and with a polished sound, it finds Powell joined by George Duvivier, Percy Heath, and Art Taylor, revisiting standards and original compositions with a serenity that contrasts with the urgency of his Blue Note sessions. Heard together, these recordings trace Bud Powell’s creative summit: the passage from the fire of bebop to a more contained — yet no less intense — maturity, and the sound world of one of the most decisive artists of the twentieth century.

When Down Beat reviewed The Amazing Bud Powell • Volume 2, it did more than close the chapter opened by the first volume. The magazine used the occasion to place Powell’s recent work in a broader context, bringing The Artistry of Bud Powell into the same critical frame. Following that logic, Outlet Jazz resumes its work by addressing both albums together.

Here is how Down Beat reviewed the two albums that concern us today — The Amazing Bud Powell • Volume 2 and The Artistry of Bud Powell:

Two absorbing journeys (recorded this June) into the musically astonishing and troubled mind of Bud Powell. The first, made for Norman Granz, has Arthur Taylor on drums with George Duvivier and Percy Heath splitting the bass assignment. On the five standards, Bud is in an unusually gentle, reflectively passionate mood. Buttercup is a characteristically angular, intensely rhythmic original that is almost sunny in its casualness. Fantasy is more angular, more intense. (Norgran LP MG N-23)

The Blue Note program is more diversified. On this set, issued by Alfred Lion with the permission of Norman Granz, Bud was backed in August, 1953, by Taylor and the amazing Duvivier (amazing not only in his too long underrated bass artistry but in his ability to communicate so fully with Bud, no matter how rapidly and unpredictably the latter's musical mind races). Bud involves himself with Autumn and Polka Dots here with much the same measured passion as in the Granz album.

On the other bands (but one) he is the familiarly unfamiliar Bud Powell at middle and uptempo originals and in reappraisals of standard lines. The one exception is Enclosure, the best and most stimulatingly organized Bud original yet recorded and one that shows in small area the potential of this musician for significant composition as well as influential interpretation. It is to be hoped for himself and for music that Bud soon will come back to health. Good, helpful notes for the Blue Note LP by Leonard Feather. The Blue Note is better recorded and has the better cover. Both sets are worth repeated listening. (Blue Note LP BLP 5041). 

*Nat Hentoff (Down Beat, November 17, 1954 [5 stars]*

Bud Powell

The Amazing Bud Powell • Volume 2

Between these covers lies the harvest of a journey through the mind of Bud Powell. It is a journey in which beauty and darkness, pleasure and sorrow are to be gleaned along the way; for this mind is a strange land, endowed with a glow of genius yet beset by illness and deprivation.

Bud Powell's career has been an erratic one, gregarious months along 52nd Street alternating with lonely months in the hospital. For all the inconsistency of his march to fame, he has managed to earn the unanimous admiration of his contemporaries and to forge an ineradicable place for himself in the international hall of jazz fame.

A year ago, on his return from a year's absence, he was approached by Alfred Lion of Blue Note Records to make his first return to the recording studios since his illness. But at that time he was enjoying two weeks' vacation between engagements at Birdland.

The session that resulted was no hasty, impromptu venture. It was the product of many meetings between Lion, Powell and Duvivier and Taylor. Each tune was selected to show a certain aspect of Bud's style, and the entire set offers a comprehensive picture of this extraordinary talent. (...)

If you know Bud Powell only by repute, or through the media of radio and night clubs, this LP is the definitive set to represent him in your collection. If you already have his earlier recordings, you will probably agree with me that in this group of performances Bud Powell is at his peak. Let us hope that today, at the age of 30, he may have a future studded with many more such achievements. *Leonard Feather (from the liner notes)*

Side 1

1 - Reets And I

(Benny Harris)

2 - Autumn In New York

(Vernon Duke)

3 - I Want To Be Happy

(Vincent Youmans)

4 - Sure Thing

(Jerome Kern, Ira Gershwin)

Side 2

5 - Glass Enclosure

(Bud Powell)

6 - Collard Greens And Black-Eye Peas

(Oscar Pettiford)

7 - Polka Dots And Moonbeams

(Johnny Burke, Jimmy Van Heusen)

8 - Audrey

(Bud Powell)

Bud Powell (piano), George Duvivier (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded at WOR Studios, New York City, August 14, 1953

✳✳✳

Bud Powell

The Artistry Of Bud Powell

I've tried, in the past album brochures which I have written about Bud Powell, to describe carefully the man's playing with the man himself, because the two parts are inseparable and each is the key to the other’s personality.

I know of no other musician on the jazz scene today who is as frustrated as Bud Powell. He has so much to say and he tries so hard to say it that from time to time his efforts are too much for his body and his mind. I started to say and his spirit but I find that once seated at the piano his spirit is unquenchable. Bud loves his music and, having a natural talent for creation, something wonderful usually comes out of this marriage of creation and love. But there are too the frustrated edges which occasionally creep in, and in saying this I don't mean to derogate Bud but rather to describe him as accurately as I can, and in many ways this frustration at the edges is a kind of comment that Bud has to make about life and about his music, just as they, in turn, explain Bud.

This date was done with a great deal of preparation and Bud made it a point to practice his numbers as often and as thoroughly as he could so that he would be completely familiar with them and I think this comes through genuinely and sincerely on the sides. Bud chose all the tunes himself, and among them are the great standards, "Moonlight In Vermont", "Spring is Here" and "My Funny Valentine", and also a perfectly delightful original composition Bud made, entitled "Buttercup". The date was done in two sections and on one date we used George Duvivier on bass and on the other Percy Heath. The drummer on both dates was Art Taylor. The respect that these men have for Bud is evident, as is their own contribution on the date.

This, then, is more of the creative Bud Powell. *Norman Granz (from the liner notes)*

Side 1

1 - Moonlight In Vermont

(Karl Suessdorf, John Blackburn)

2 - Time Was

(Miguel Prado, Gabriel Luna, Bob Russell)

3 - Spring Is Here

(Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart)

Side 2

4 - Buttercup

(Bud Powell)

5 - Fantasy In Blue

(Bud Powell)

6 - It Never Entered My Mind

(Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart)

7 - My Funny Valentine

(Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart)

Bud Powell (piano); George Duvivier [#1, #3, #4, 5],

Percy Heath [#2, #6, #7] (basses), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded at Fine Sound Studio, New York City,

June 2 [#1, #3, #4, 5] and June 4 [#2, #6, #7], 1954

✳✳✳

For those who prefer digital versions, each file includes the corresponding CD which, as usual, also adds bonus tracks and alternate takes not present on the original LPs.

The compact disc Bud Powell's Moods appears here thanks to the generosity of my dear friend Melanchthon.

Five-Star Collection... John Coltrane

John Coltrane

Soultrane

When reading The New Yorker, usually, I am most amused by an S. J. Perelman gem, the cartoons of something in "The Talk Of The Town". In the May 17, 1958 issue, however, it was the jazz department that gave me my biggest guffaw when Whitney Balliett, in the course of reviewing a Miles Davis album, wrote, "Coltrane, a student of Sonny Rollins…" Of course, we know he didn't mean that Trane was going to Sonny's house, armed with a Klose book, for weekly lessons but the implication was clear, in this perfunctory dismissal, that Coltrane was indebted to Rollins for his style.

It is true that when Coltrane joined Miles Davis's quintet in late 1955, Sonny (the Rollins of that time and slightly before) was exerting a peripheral influence over him. Even this proved to be transient. The influences of Dexter Gordon (vintage 1946), Sonny Stitt, Stan Getz (certain facets of sound) and a general essence of Charlie Parker were more evident, even then. Since that time, Trane has developed along personal lines to become quite an influence himself. He and Sonny are parallel figures now, each contributing new ideas to jazz in his own way.

"Soultrane" is a ballad, written by Tadd Dameron, which appears on Mating Call (Prestige 7070 — an album which features Coltrane and Dameron). This album, called Soultrane, does not include that tune but Prestige thought the name an apt one for an entire collection of Coltrane because it plays on his name in a truly descriptive way.

Trane is very serious about his playing; playing jazz is what he is most concerned with. There is a constant effort, on his part, to keep improving. He is self-critical and helpfully, because of clear insight, self-analytical. Practice is not foreign to him.

As in his last album (7123), Trane has the support of Red Garland, Paul Chambers and Arthur Taylor. These four have done much playing together. In this case, familiarity breeds rapport.

Another admirable facet is duplicated from the last album. That is the playing of seldom-done tunes. 7123 had "Soft Lights And Sweet Music", "You Leave Me Breathless" and Alonzo Levister's "Slow Dance". In Soultrane, none of the selections have been overdone and three are entirely new to jazz interpretation. *Ira Gitler (from the liner notes)*

In this very, very good LP, John Coltrane gives a picture of himself which is true in several dimensions. The set, first of all, is one I consider representative of what Coltrane is doing today with the Miles Davis group. That I consider him one of the few most exciting tenor-playing individuals in jazz today has no bearing on the rating, but I do use the "individuals" in its fullest connotation.

Coltrane has been, and is here, playing in a highly personal manner. What he is doing has been described variously as sheets of sound or ribbons of sound or, by some less interested ears, as a haphazard running of as many notes as possible. I find a logic in his playing. And although he does sometimes fail to get his flow underway, the times that it does happen are among the most tingling in modern jazz. What I do admire in him is that he is always going for something beyond him, and that he never falls back on an easy or accepted way of doing what he wants to do.

On this set, Coltrane also has some passages of extremely lyrical playing, particularly on the ballads Talk and Care. He blows straight-forward and with warmth.

Backing is first-rate, and Garland's solo spots are fine. By all means hear this one.

*Dom Cerulli (Down Beat, December 11, 1958 [5 stars])*

1 - Good Bait

(Dameron, Basie)

2 - I Want To Talk About You

(Billy Eckstine)

3 - You Say You Care

(Styne, Robin)

4 - Theme For Ernie

(Fred Lacey)

5 - Russian Lullaby

(Irving Berlin)

John Coltrane (tenor sax), Red Garland (piano), Paul Chambers (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded at Van Gelder Studio, Hackensack, New Jersey, February 7, 1958

Five-Star Collection... Lennie Tristano

Lennie Tristano

Tristano

A great many people are going to be surprised by this set. It presents a Lennie Tristano far removed from the figure of their — and the critics' — imagination. Uncompromising he may be, as has been noted many a time, in the public prints and in private discussions. But remote, inaccessible, recondit he is not, except in the sense that any first-rate artist has ideas to offer which are necessarily his own and nobody else's and hence so fresh, so crisp, so inspired as to seem — or sound — altogether new and quite thoroughly removed from any familiar thinking — or playing-pattern, No, there is nothing really obscure about Lennie's playing here, nothing really beyond the grasp of anybody with any feeling for, or fairly considerable listening experience in, jazz.

This is jazz, no mistaking it for anything else. It meets all the requirements: it is improvised, brilliantly adding ideas to ideas all the way through; it swings, rapturously, whether up or middling-up or slow in tempo; it offers, both in Lennie’s playing with bass and drums and with Lee Konitz and rhythm, that delicate internal tension, that collective creativity which is the special identifying mark of the real thing in this music.

And so it is to the jazz in this record that I suggest you listen, forgetting, if you can, any preconceived notions about what Lennie Tristano represents in modern music, anything you may have read about his personality, his ideas, his group, his students or teaching method or anything much besides, no matter how directly relevant it may seem to you. Isn't it, after all, in a man's painting, if he is a painter, in his poetry, if he is a poet, or in his music, if he is a composer, that one should look for his personality, his ideas, or anything else of any sizable significance? And isn't this particularly true of jazz, where a performer composes as he blows, if he is a genuine jazz musician, and therefore exposes himself more honestly than in most arts? And if it isn't true, then why bother — why bother painting or writing or composing or blowing in the first place? and why bother looking or reading or listening in the second?

After listening to these tracks, I think you’ll agree with me that what you have heard is impression enough of the Tristano thinking processes and that, unquestionably, Lennie's ideas must seek musical outlet, must find jazz outlet, and we must pay attention, hard, earnest attention, and do so with every sort of listening ease.

(...)

Balance all around is to be found in this collection: a trial balance of tempo and time and personality differences which accounts for the jockeying of tapes and changing of speeds and multiplication of piano lines in Lennie's solo tracks; a tested balance of soloists and tunes and tempos and personalities which accounts for the orderly procedure and unmitigated pleasure of the alto and piano solos and duos in the tracks Lennie and Lee play together. And all of it — and this I cannot insist upon too strongly — comes out jazz, real jazz, great jazz.

*Barry Ulanov (from the liner notes)*

Lennie Tristano's first LP in several years is an absorbing. The first four tracks were recorded by Lennie at his own private recording studio. On the first, he superimposed his piano over a previous tape of bassist Peter Ind and drummer Jeff Morton after he adjusted to his satisfaction what they had done. The second has paired piano lines. On the third he taped three lines, one on top of the other. On the fourth he did what he had done in the first. The last five tracks were recorded at the Sing Song room of the Confucius restaurant last summer with Lee Konitz, Gene Ramey, and Arthur Taylor.

Throughout there is every evidence of a Tristano who has continued to grow and deepen. He is still very much his own man, a man who is driven to continue searching to find and challenge more of himself in his music. He plays authoritatively with a propulsive, intensely alive forcefulness (see tracks one and four, for example.) Anyone still suspecting his ability to communicate emotion should hear the naked power in the >Requiem< blues he plays for Charlie Parker. On the ballad sides with Lee, there is a richer, deeper though never ornamental lyricism than Lennie has shown on records before. And always, there is his imaginative resourcefulness, an imagination, however, that works organically, for there is never the touch of patchwork in any Tristano performance. It all comes from inside the development of the music — and the man. Konitz is lucid, logical, unfailingly interesting, and increasingly emotional.

Two footnotes: dig the further possibilities of multirhythms as explored by Tristano in Turkish Mambo. Secondly, Barry Ulanov states in connection with Lennie's adjusting the bass and drum take before superimposing his piano to it: "The great day for jazz will be when rhythm sections — one or two or three musicians large — will be able to think and play and beat that steadily, with such regularity and rapidity and imagination, that it will be possible to record alongside them instead of over them." It's true Lennie has problems finding the exactly right rhythm section for him, but that's no reason to maintain that there aren't rhythm sections for others that can very successfully be recorded alongside instead of over. The situation rhythm-section-wise in jazz is far from that bad. There's always a need for more firstrate rhythm men, but let's not put down the strong nucleus of them we have.

The recorded sound Lennie gets in his studio excellent. Confucius sound is good but could have been better. *Nat Hentoff (Down Beat, April 18, 1956 [5 stars])*

1 - Line Up

(Lennie Tristano)

2 - Requiem

(Lennie Tristano)

3 - Turkish Mambo

(Lennie Tristano)

4 - East Thirty-Second

(Lennie Tristano)

5 - These Foolish Things

(Link, Strachey, Marvell)

6 -  You Go To My Head

(J. K. Coots)

7 - If I Had You

(Shapiro, Campbell, Connelly)

8 - Ghost Of A Chance

(Crosby, Washington, Young)

9 - All The Things You Are

(Kern, Hammerstein)

#1 to #4:

Lennie Tristano (piano), Peter Ind (bass), Jeff Morton (drums).

Recorded at Tristano's Home Studio, New York City, 1955

#5 to #9:

Lennie Tristano (piano), Lee Konitz (alto sax), Gene Ramey (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded live at The Sing Song Room, Confucius Restaurant, New York City, June 11, 1955

Trumpet Conclave (III)

 Since the time the natives of New Orleans supposedly heard Buddy Bolden's sound from miles away, the trumpet has been the most enduring of all the jazz horns. While the clarinet has decreased sharply in usage, and the trombone assumed a somewhat lesser role than it once held, the trumpet (and I include the cornet and flugelhorn here) has remained an important voice through all of the periods of jazz.

What Louis Armstrong was to the '20s, and Roy Eldridge to the '30s, Dizzy Gillespie was to the '40s. Diz ushered in the modern school of trumpet playing and, together with his most prominent disciples, Fats Navarro and Miles Davis, created a language for the trumpeters of the '50s and '60s. Navarro, had he lived, undoubtedly would have gone on to greater things but, through Clifford Brown, he did have a great impact on the '50s. Davis, of course, became the sound of the '50s and is still exerting an influential force in the '60s.By the mid-50s, the time the following recordings were made, new men had emerged, most of them showing the imprint of the Gillespie-Navarro-Davis triumvirate. Two of the most active on the New York scene were Art Farmer and Donald Byrd.

Art Farmer came to New York to stay in the fall of 1953 when he returned from a European tour with Lionel Hampton's Orchestra. Prior to joining Hamp, he had been active on the West Coast, recording with Wardell Gray.Settling in New York, he co-led a quintet with alto saxophonist Gigi Gryce, and later worked as a sideman with both Horace Silver's quintet and Gerry Mulligan's quartet. In 1959, Farmer and tenor saxophonist Benny Golson formed the Jazztet. When they disbanded, Farmer started his own quartet which featured guitarist Jim Hall until he was replaced by pianist Steve Kuhn.Of late, Farmer has given up the trumpet to concentrate on the flugelhorn with no loss of the characteristics that marked him as one of the most genuinely sensitive trumpet artists to emerge in the '50s.

Donald Byrd arrived in New York in 1955 from his native Detroit. Four and a half years younger than Farmer, Donald was not as mature as Art but his incipient talent was obvious to everyone who heard him in the George Wallington quintet at the Cafe Bohemia. That talent, and his reputation, continued to grow as he worked with Art Blakey, Max Roach, Red Garland, John Coltrane, et al. In 1958, Byrd and baritone saxophonist Pepper Adams had a group at the Five Spot. Since that time, Byrd has worked in Europe, and headed his own combo in the United States. Presently, he is in Europe, playing, and studying composition with Nadia Boulanger.

Idrees Sulieman, who participates in one of the following albums, five years Farmer's senior, and was active on New York's 52nd Street in the mid-'40s with drummer Sid Catlett's group. Originally from St. Petersburg, Florida, he studied at the Boston Conservatory and worked with a wide variety of bands including Cab Calloway, Earl Hines, Louis Jordan, Count Basie, Lionel Hampton, Erskine Hawkins, and Dizzy Gillespie. He was also a member of the Minton's set in the mid and late '40s. It was then he recorded with Thelonious Monk. In the '50s, Sulieman played with Randy Weston and Teddy Charles among others. Then he took a group to North Africa and Europe, and decided to remain on the latter continent, making Sweden his main base. Idrees, who formed his style before either Farmer or Byrd, is out of Gillespie and Navarro. There are no overt references to Davis, but the later influence of Clifford Brown is evident. Sulieman is very much his own man, however. His is a plunging, soaring, highly-volatile style which does not play it safe and is all the more exciting for it.

In the '20s and '30s, when musicians of the same instrument got together at a jam session they were out to cut each other. In many ways it was an overtly healthy competition. While the trumpet "battles" on the recordings that follow were not conducted at that level, the underlying sense of rivalry, combined with the feeling of respect for, and enjoyment of, each of the other men's playing, helped to inspire all concerned. I think that the music produced, and the pervading spirit, proves that. *Ira Gitler (August 1964)*

Art Farmer • Donald Byrd

Two Trumpets

The presence of two musicians of the some instrument a session will usually produce some interesting results. Each is naturally going to try and outdo the other and while it may not be the cutthroat competition of the Thirties (an overtly healthy competition at that), the underlying sense of rivalry combined with the feeling of respect for and enjoyment of the other's playing very often helps to inspire each.

In recent months. Prestige has tried to stimulate the Friday afternoon recording sessions by bringing together musicians of the same horn.

In Two Trumpets (an un chi-chi title if I ever heard one), Art and Donald once again join horns with Jackie McLean as middleman and foil soundwise. Two of the numbers ("Dig" and "The Third") have conversational exchanges between the trumpets and each Bb hornman also has a number entirely to himself. *Ira Gitler (liner notes, 1956)*

This is a pairing session that was well conceived and programmed. On three tracks, both trumpets are present to challenge and be stimulated by each other with McLean as a third horn and a contrast in timber. To provide further balance, each trumpet has a solo vehicle. Byrd (Midnight) and Farmer (When Your Love Has Gone) are heard in searching moving ballad interpretations.

On the others, both blow with swift imagination and heat. There are passages of quick exchanges, particularly the long exciting bout at the end of Dig, that recall in spirit if not idiom a 1939 Ellington record, Tootin' Through the Roof, with Cootie Williams and Rex Stewart.

Both Farmer and Byrd have a long and fertile jazz life ahead. Thus far, it seems to me that Farmer is the more settled of the two, particularly on up-tempos. He is, I think, closer to having found his inner style than Byrd, although Byrd is getting there. McLean is searing and a welcome presence. Harris plays with consistent taste and ease. Art Taylor and Doug Watkins are strongly underneath. Good notes by Ira Gitler that identify all solos. *Nat Hentoff (Down Beat, February 6, 1957)

1 - The Third

(Donald Byrd)

2 - Contour

(Kenny Drew)

3 - When Your Lover Has Gone

(Elinar A. Swan)

4 - Dig

(Miles Davis)

5 - 'Round Midnight

(Monk, Williams, Hanighen)

Art Farmer, Donald Byrd (trumpets); Jackie McLean (alto sax);

Barry Harris (piano); Doug Watkins (bass); Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded at Van Gelder Studio, Hackensack, New Jersey, August 3, 1956

✳✳✳

Art Farmer • Donald Byrd • Idrees Sulieman

Three Trumpets

Several times in the past few years Prestige has brought together, in the recording studio, musicians of the same instrument. Many of these friendly jousts between altomen, tenormen, or trumpeters have proved to be highly stimulating affairs, ones in which the emphatic competition has spurred the participants on to playing an inspired stripe. One of these sessions was Two Trumpets (Prestige LP 7062) which featured the horns of Art Farmer and Donald Byrd.

In Three Trumpets, Farmer and Byrd return and are joined by another of the leading modern trumpeters, Idrees Sulieman. Sulieman, active on the New York scene since the mid-Forties has, nevertheless, not been recorded as extensively as the other two and is just started to receive the true credit due him. His is a plunging, soaring, highly volatile style out of the Gillespie-Navarro wing with a more recent parallel influence of Clifford Brown added in. Out of all these sources, Idrees is very much his own man, a daring jazz man who is not afraid to reach out for the ideas which crystalize in his brain at the moment, however hard they may seem to execute. Whether he's safe or not, he does not, as they say in sports, "choke up in the clutch".

As with speaking voices, each trumpeter has his own sound and phrasing, musical sentences as it were which make each one a distinct personality. *Ira Gitler (liner notes, 1957)*

The most appropriate title for this LP would be Bopper's Paradise Regained.

The three trumpeters join forces here in a heated, multi-noted session that will leave many listeners rather limp. There is an impressively vivid rapport among the horns, despite varying approaches to the skeletal forms attacked.

Sulieman is rough and ready. As Ira Gitler says in the notes, "Idrees is very much his own man, a daring jazzman who is not afraid to reach out for the ideas which crystallize in his brain at the moment, however hard they may seem to execute". In this set he is reaching most of the time and grasping successfully quite often.

Farmer's is the delightfully lyrical horn, regardless of temp. Byrd continues to fulfil the potential so many defined months ago. His playing is impressively creative.

In general, the horns seem to converge within the Gillespie-Navarro-Davis tradition, with a Clifford Brown influence apparent, too. Nevertheless, the listener does not feel that he has heard it all before, as each of the trumpeters has something genuinely individualistic to say.

The backing is effective. O'Brien, a 21-year-old pianist from Connecticut making his recording debut, plays confidently, reminiscent of early Bud Powell. He will testify to the heated nature of the session, because he played it with a 102 degree fever. Addison Farmer, Art's twin, handles bass chores capably and Ed Thigpen digs in, too.

The originals, with Sulieman's the most distinctive, are more for jumping off purposes than for melodic significance. Basically, the are lustrous races at medium or up tempos, while O'Brien's Beauty the closest thing to a ballad.

Devotees of modern trumpet playing will relish this, despite some of the technical flaws and moments of hesitancy that accompany a session of such a hectic nature. The playing of the three soloists makes this worth hearing, for the sparks they plant and the fire that develops.

*Don Gold (Down Beat, January 23, 1958)*

1 - Palm Court Alley

(Idrees Sulieman)

2 - Who's Who

(Art Farmer)

3 - Diffusion Of Beauty

(Hod O'Brian)

4 - Forty Quarters

(Idrees Sulieman)

5 - You Gotta Dig It To Dig It

(Donald Byrd)

Art Farmer, Donald Byrd, Idrees Sulieman (trumpets);

Hod O'Brien (piano); Addison Farmer (bass); Ed Thigpen (drums).

Recorded at Van Gelder Studio, Hackensack, New Jersey, January 26, 1957

Gigi Gryce and Donald Byrd's Laboratory

One of the finest groups of the late 50s, the Jazz Lab was co-led by the inimitable horn players Gigi Gryce and Donald Byrd. Although the group worked extensively from February to September of 1957 it broke up shortly after. However, all of their albums together have become jazz classics. 

Some of the group's creation and history can be read in the chapter "In the laboratory" of the book Rat Race Blues: The Musical Life of Gigi Gryce, co-authored by Noal Cohen and Michael Fitzgerald:

By the measure of recording activity, at least, Gryce's jazz career peaked in 1957. This would be his most productive period nor only as a leader, but as a sideman and writer on several recording sessions of high quality and great importance. It was at this time also that he would solidify his group conception of jazz, utilizing as a unifying element his series of recordings as co-leader of a quintet with Donald Byrd. And having entered the elite group of New York musicians capable of filling roles in a variety of settings, he was now getting sufficient work to ensure financial security.

A very important event occurred in early 1957 when Gryce and Donald Byrd decided to join forces and co-lead the Jazz Lab ensemble. Seven years Gryce's junior, Byrd (1932-2013) relocated from his native Detroit to New York permanently in 1955, and soon thereafter was ensconced in the jazz scene, working and recording with nearly all of the hard bop stalwarts including Jackie McLean, John Coltrane, George Wallington, Art Blakey, and Horace Silver. He shared with Gryce a formal musical training, having received a Bachelor of Music degree from Wayne State University in 1954. Byrd also studied in Paris with Nadia Boulanger (1963) and later became an educator, obtaining advanced degrees from Manhattan School of Music and Columbia University. At the time of his death [2013] he was teaching at Delaware State University as a distinguished artist-in-residence.

Fluent and lyrical, Byrd's style, like that of Art Farmer before him, fit beautifully with the conception of Gryce, spinning long, graceful lines in his solos. His facility at very fast tempi was notable, and in general his approach was somewhat more aggressive than that of Farmer, but not to the extent that it conflicted with or overshadowed that of Gryce. Furthermore, Byrd had an interest in writing and would contribute both originals and arrangements of standard tunes to the group's repertoire.

The name "Jazz Lab" might suggest an esoteric or academic approach to ensemble performance, but in reality the music the band offered was most accessible. It consisted of original compositions (many taken from Gryce's publishing company) and cleverly reworked standards. Blues were an important component of the repertoire. Gryce, who appeared to be the more dominant musical force of the two co-leaders, summed up the philosophy the band espoused: The Modern Jazz Quartet will come to a club or concert and play very soft subtle music, and then Blakey will come around like thunder. We're trying to do both, and a few other things he-sides. Insofar as I can generalize, our originals and arrangements concentrate on imaginative use of dynamics and very strong rhythmic and melodic lines. We try to both give the listener something of substance that he can feel and understand and also indicate to the oriented that we're trying to work in more challenging musical forms and to expand the language in other ways.

One advantage, we hope, of the varied nature of our library, which is now over a hundred originals and arrangements, is that in the course of a set, almost any listener can become fulfilled. If he doesn't dig one, he may well dig the next because it will often be considerably different. Several people write for us in addition to Donald Byrd, myself, and others within the group. We have scores by Benny Golson, Ray Bryant, and several more.

A point I'm eager to emphasize is that the title, Jazz Lab, isn't meant to connote that we're entirely experimental in direction. We try to explore-all aspects of modern jazz—standards, originals, blues, hard swing, anything that can be filled and transmuted with jazz feeling. Even our experimentations are quite practical; they're not exercises for their own sake. They have to communicate feeling. For example, if we use devices like counterpoint, we utilize them from inside jazz. We don't go into Bach, pick up an invention or an idea for one, and then come back into jazz. It all stays within jazz in feeling and rhythmic flow and syncopation. In any of our work in form, you don't get the feeling of a classical piece. This is one of the lessons I absorbed from Charlie Parker. I believe that one of the best — and still fresh — examples of jazz counterpoint is what Charlie did on "Chasing the Bird".

We want to show how deep the language is; in addition to working with new forms, we want to go back into the language, show the different ways the older material can be formed and re-formed. We want to have everything covered. My two favorite musicians among the younger players may give a further idea of what I believe. Sonny Rollins and Benny Golson are not playing the cliches, and they play as if they have listened with feeling and respect to the older men like Herschel Evans, Chu Berry, and Coleman Hawkins. They're not just hip, flashy moderns.

In its brief existence of barely a year, the Jazz Lab quintet utilized some of the finest rhythm section accompanists available: pianists Tommy Flanagan, Wynton Kelly, Hank Jones, and the underappreciated Wade Legge (1934-1963), a great talent who passed away at the age of only 29; bassists Wendell Marshall and Paul Chambers; and drummers Art Taylor and Osie Johnson. During this period, the Jazz Lab recorded for no fewer than five different labels, at thirteen sessions, producing a total of six LPs, all of which helped to establish a high standard for ensemble performance within the hard bop genre.

Donald Byrd • Gigi Gryce

The Complete Jazz Lab Sessions

This four-disc collection contains all of the recordings of one of the most interesting jazz groups from the late ‘50s, the Jazz Lab, compiled here for the first time ever on one release. Co-led by Gigi Gryce and Donald Byrd, this set comprises the group’s five original studio albums (including all existing supplementary tunes and alternate takes from the sessions), presented here in their entirety and in chronological order. This edition also includes the Jazz Lab’s only known live performance, taped at the Newport Jazz Festival in 1957. As a bonus, a complete Oscar Pettiford LP, which constitutes the only other small group collaboration of Gryce and Byrd, and is a precursor to the Jazz Lab sound, as well as a rare 1955 Gigi Gryce quartet session (with Pettiford on bass) in its entirety, which despite having no real relation to the later Gryce-Byrd formation, was issued under the title of Jazz Laboratory Series (probably Gryce chose the group’s name based on that previous release!). *jazzmessengers.com*

Two front line horns plus a three-piece rhythm section were to hard bop what three guitars and drums were to rock ’n’ roll. The main obstacle for both has always been precisely how to set oneself apart from hordes of similar practitioners. An imaginative composer/arranger as well as a fiery alto sax player, Gigi Gryce put all his energies into setting himself apart from his contemporaries with his Jazz Lab enterprise, sharing top billing with Donald Byrd. Though a major player during the mid-1950s via his work with Brownie, Monk, Lee Morgan and Benny Golson, today Gryce is seldom mentioned in dispatches despite the fact that The Jazz Lab recorded prolifically during an eight-month period. Yet it was to be financial considerations (and lack of regular gigs) opposed to the quality of the product that caused the project to fold prematurely while their closest contemporaries such as The Jazz Messengers and Horace Silver’s Quintet valiantly soldiered on. The Jazz Lab came is all shapes and sizes. The 1957 nonet that taped "Nica’s Tempo", "I Remember Clifford" and "Little Niles"’ among others offers more than just a passing nod and a wink in the direction of both Miles’ Birth Of The Cool and Shorty Rogers’ Giants. However, it’s the five-handed line-up that featured either Hank Jones or Wynton Kelly that wins the day. *jazzwise.com*

This wonderful and well produced compilation is everything this little short lived band recorded. The band was only in existence in 1957 and should be recognized for it's importance to Jazz mainstream of the time. Byrd and Gryce were very distinctive players and Gryce's writing enhances the band's output.

All Music Guide's critic Arwulf Arwulf resumes the Jazz Lab Sessions with the following words:

All this group's music should be studied and sabores over long periods of time, even across decades spanning entire lifetimes. These recordings have matured remarkably well and should endure to be cherished by post-post-post-postmodern jazz heads of the distant future.

*CD  1*

1 - Nica's Tempo

(Gigi Gryce)

2 - Smoke Signal

(Gigi Gryce)

3 - Speculation

(Horace Silver)

4 - Over The Rainbow

(Harod Arlen, E. Y. Harburg)

5 - Sans Souci

(Gigi Gryce)

6 - I Remember Clifford

(Benny Golson)

7 - Little Niles

(Randy Weston)

8 - Blue Concept

(Gigi Gryce)

9 - Love For Sale

(Cole Porter)

10 - Geraldine

(Wade Legge)

11 - Minority

(Gigi Gryce)

12 - Zing! Went The Strings Of My Heart

(James F. Hanley)

*CD 2*

1 - Straight Ahead

(Lee Sears)

2 - Wake Up!

(Lee Sears)

3 - Exhibit A

(Lee Sears)

4 - Ergo The Blues (take 2)

(Hank Jones)

5 - Ergo The Blues (take 3)

(Hank Jones)

6 - Capri

(Gigi Gryce)

7 - Splittin' (a.k.a. Ray's Way)

(Ray Bryant)

8 - Passade

(Hank Jones)

9 - Byrd In Hand

(Donald Byrd)

10 - Blue Lights

(Gigi Gryce)

11 - Onion Head

(Donald Byrd)

12 - Isn’t It Romantic?

(Richard Rodgers, Lorenz Hart)

*CD 3*

1 - Batland

(Gigi Gryce, Lee Sears)

2 - Bangoon

(Hank Jones)

3 - Imagination

(Jimmy Van Heusen, Johnny Burke)

4 - X-Tacy

(Donald Byrd)

5 - Satellite

(Gigi Gryce)

6 - An Evening In Casablanca

(Gigi Gryce)

7 - Social Call

(Gigi Gryce)

8 - Stablemates

(Benny Golson)

9 - Steppin' Out

(Gigi Gryce)

10 - Medley: Early Morning Blues / Now, Don't You Know

(Cy Coleman, Joe McCarthy)/(Lee Sears)

11 - Early Bird

(Donald Byrd)

12 - Elgy

(Donald Byrd)

13 - Oh Yeah!

(Duke Jordan)

*CD 4*

1 - Splittin' (a.k.a. Ray's Way)

(Ray Bryant)

2 - Batland

(Gigi Gryce, Lee Sears)

3 - Love For Sale

(Cole Porter)

4 - Kamman's A'Comin'

(Oscar Pettiford)

5  Minor 7th Heaven

(Osie Johnson)

6 - Stardust

(Hoagy Carmichael, Mitchell Parish)

7 - Bohemia After Dark

(Oscar Pettiford)

8 - Oscalypso

(Oscar Pettiford)

9 - Scorpio

(Mary Lou Williams)

10 - Titoro

(Billy Taylor)

11 - Don’t Squawk

(Oscar Pettiford)

12 - Another One

(Quincy Jones)

13 - Sometimes I'm Happy

(Vincent Youmans, Irving Caesar)

14 - Embraceable You

(George and Ira Gershhwin)

15 - Jordu

(Duke Jordan)

#1 to #8 (CD1): from the album

Jazz Lab (Columbia CL998)

#1, #2, #3

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax), Benny Powell (trombone),

Julius Watkins (french horn), Don Butterfield (tuba), Sahib Shihab (baritone sax),

Tommy Flanagan (piano), Wendell Marshall (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, February 4, 1957

#4, #5

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax),

Tommy Flanagan (piano), Wendell Marshall (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, February 5, 1957

#6, #7, #8

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax),

Benny Powell or Jimmy Cleveland [depending on the source] (trombone),

Julius Watkins (french horn), Don Butterfield (tuba), Sahib Shihab (baritone sax),

Wade Legge (piano), Wendell Marshall (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, March 13, 1957

#9 to #12 (CD1), and #1, #2 (CD2): from the album

Gigi Gryce and the Jazz Lab Quintet (Riverside 12-229)

#9 to #11 (CD1)

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax),

Wade Legge (piano), Wendell Marshall (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, February 27, 1957

#12 (CD1), #1, #2 (CD2)

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax),

Wade Legge (piano), Wendell Marshall (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, March 7, 1957

#3 to #9 (CD2): from the album

New Formulas from the Jazz Lab (RCA-Victor Jap RCA6015)

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax),

(Hank Jones (piano), Paul Chambers (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, July 30 (#3, #4, #5), July 31 (#6, #7) and August 1 (#8, #9), 1957

#10 to #12 (CD2) and #1 to #4 (CD3):

from the album Jazz Lab (Jubilee JLP1059)

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax),

(Hank Jones (piano), Paul Chambers (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, August 9, 1957

#5 to #12 (CD3): from the album

Modern Jazz Perspective (Columbia CL1058)

#5, #6, #7

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax),

Wynton Kelly (piano), Wendell Marshall (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, August 30, 1957

#8, #9

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax), Jimmy Cleveland (trombone),

Julius Watkins (french horn), Don Butterfield (tuba), Sahib Shihab (baritone sax),

Wynton Kelly (piano), Wendell Marshall (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded in New York City, September 5, 1957

#10, #11, #12

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax), Wynton Kelly (piano),

Wendell Marshall (bass), Art Taylor (drums), Jackie Paris (vocal, banjo).

Recorded in New York City, September 3, 1957

#1 to #3 (CD4): from the album

Jazz Laboratory at Newport (Verve MGV8238)

Donald Byrd (trumpet), Gigi Gryce (alto sax),

Hank Jones (piano), Wendell Marshall (bass), Osie Johnson (drums).

Recorded live at the Newport Jazz Festival,

Freebody Park, Newport, Rhode Island, July 5, 1957

*Bonus Albums*

#4 to #12 (CD4): from the album

Oscar Pettiford (Bethlehem BCP33)

Donald Byrd, Ernie Royal (trumpets); Gigi Gryce (alto sax);

Bob Brookmeyer (valve trombone); Jerome Richardson (flute, tenor sax);

Don Abney (piano); Oscar Pettiford (bass, cello); Osie Johnson (drums).

Recorded in New York City, August 12, 1955

#13 (CD3) and #13 to #15 (CD4): from the album

The Jazz Laboratory Series: Do It Yourself Jazz Vol.1 (Signal S101/Savoy MG12145)

Gigi Gryce (alto sax), Duke Jordan (piano), Oscar Pettiford (bass), Kenny Clarke (drums):

Recorded at Van Gelder Studio, Hackensack, New Jersey, March 7, 1955

Zoot Sims on Prestige (V) [as co-leader]

 Starting in his youth, saxophonist Zoot Sims fashioned his seemingly effortless sound from the music of early masters Lester Young and Ben Webster. Playing alongside some of jazz's great bandleaders, accompanists and soloists — and eventually as a leader himself — Sims then refined that sound over a long and productive career. Never a musician to chase trends, he always kept two classic jazz principles in mind: Always play with indomitable swing, and have faith in the infinite variety to be gleaned from a familiar set of chord changes.

Zoot Sims was a highly regarded leader and co-leader in jazz, known for his co-leadership with Al Cohn in the 1950s and 1960s. While he also released numerous albums as a leader in the mid-to-late 1950s, his career was characterized by both leadership and collaborative efforts. Sims's leadership style was described as favoring smaller ensembles, where he could exercise more creative freedom. 

Sims expressed a preference for smaller ensembles over larger ones, stating that it offered greater freedom for creative expression, especially for the leader. He felt he could choose the tunes and tempos he desired, according to a Jazz Professional interview. 

Despite his successful leadership periods, Sims was also a highly sought-after sideman, known for his collaborative spirit and ability to contribute to various musical settings.

The next two albums clearly show Zoot's collaborative spirit:

Stan Getz • Zoot Sims • Al Cohn • Allen Eager • Brew Moore

The Brothers

The five tenor saxophonists featured here are of the highest calibre. Getz, since his early days with Woody Herman, has always been one of the most outstanding voices in jazz. His tremendous inventiveness and still-unusual sound has, in 4 sense, kept him in a class by himself. Zoot Sims, another Herman graduate, who plays with a fire-like quality and an uncanny sense of "time", never ceases to amaze even his fellow-musicians. The multi-talented (player, composer, arranger) Al Cohn projects a mournful, lyrical quality that’s rare even in this era of "soul" music. Mr. Eager, for the benefit of our "newer" jazz listeners, was one of the leading lights in the earlier days of modern 

jazz. An extremely vital player, it's our loss that he now chooses to race Italian sport cars for the rent money. I'm sure you'll agree on hearing the enclosed. 

Brew Moore, currently enjoying great popularity in the Scandinavian countries, is another name synonomous with the earlier "New York Tenor School". In this album, we hear these five great tenor players in one of the most memorable recording sessions ever.

In an extension of the now-famous Herman "Four Brothers" sound, here the boys play some highly-melo-dic compositions by Gerry Mulligan and Al Cohn. In most cases of "all-star" groups, the music suffers because of frantic attempts to out-do each other. Not so, in the case of this album. Possibly it's because of the closeness of the men involved, both personally and musically. In any event, on The Brothers, the soloists prod each other on in a positive sense, never losing sight of the fact that ‘each is part of the whole. The results being, a rousing, happy collection of tunes with plenty of meaningful improvisation. I personally, would like to see these guys get together more often. 

On the second half of this set you'll hear two of "the brothers", Al and Zoot with trombonist Kai Winding. Possibly this is the seed from which the present Al Cohn-Zoot Sims group grew. Each compliments the other's playing so well, it seems only natural that they should merge. Their kind of jazz is a light, swinging, happy one. The tunes are simple, the charts are tasty and the blowing is superb

Being a disc-jockey and not a musician, I can't get technical about the music enclosed and I'm happy for it. This is not the kind of music anyone should get technical about. Inside this jacket are good jazz musicians, good jazz tunes, good jazz arrangements. All in all, just good jazz! Who can ask for anything more? *Les Davis (liner notes)*

A classic Prestige LP that compiles earlier sides by the young tenor genius Stan Getz – four tunes from a 1949 session recorded under Stan Getz & His Four Brothers, with tenor work from Zoot Sims, Al Cohn, Allen Eager, and Brew Moore – all blowing with Getz in a real "brothers-like" sax section sound. The remaining 4 tracks feature Stan and Al Cohn, working in a 1952 session with George Wallington on piano and Kai Winding on trombone – on some nice light boppish tracks that have that sweet smooth Getz tone firmly in place. The album's got a great Don Martin cover, and titles include "Battleground", "Five Brothers", "Four & One Moore", "Red Door", and "Zoot Case". Plus this CD issue includes 3 alternate takes, too!  *Dusty Groove, Inc.*

1 - Five Brothers

(Gerry Mulligan)

2 - Five Brothers (alternate take)

(Gerry Mulligan)

3 - Battle Of The Saxes

(Al Cohn)

4- Four And One Moore

(Gerry Mulligan)

5. Four And One Moore (alternate take)

(Gerry Mulligan)

6 - Battleground

(Al Cohn)

7 - Battleground (alternate take)

(Al Cohn)

8 - The Red Door

(Zoot Sims)

9 - Zootcase

(Zoot Sims)

10 - Tangerine

(Schertzinger, Mercer)

11 - Morning Sun

(Zoot Sims, Al Cohn)

#1 to #7: Stan Getz And His Four Brothers

Stan Getz, Zoot Sims, Al Cohn, Allen Eager, Brew Moore (tenor saxes);

Walter Bishop (piano); Gene Ramey (bass); Charlie Perry (drums).

Recorded in New York City, April 8, 1949.

#8 to #11: Zoot Sims And Al Cohn

Zoot Sims, Al Cohn (tenor saxes); Kai Winding (trombone);

George Wallington (piano); Percy Heath (bass); Art Blakey (drums).

Recorded in New York City, September 8, 1952. 

✳✳✳

Hank Mobley • Al Cohn • John Coltrane • Zoot Sims

Tenor Conclave

An unusually clarifying and multiply successful confrontation. This LP should provide much immediate illumination for anyone whose curiosity has not been wholly satisfied concerning the difference between the two major trends of modern tenor and the variation in each. To help further, Ira Gitler has contributed the most accurate and clearest discussion of the subject I've yet seen in print. I'd suggest you read his genealogical tracing and corollary descriptions in the notes before hearing the record.

As Gitler points out, Zoot and Al are in the Basie–Young tradition with some Parker influence. Mobley and Coltrane come directly from Parker and each has complementary influences. Sims and Cohn are "brothers", Gitler adds, while Mobley and Coltrane's differences are somewhat wider, so they could be called "cousins". All four respond to the challenge, and for the most part, are at the top of their form. Coltrane, who has been improving rapidly, never has struck me as impressively as he does here. The rhythm section is just right, and there are bonus Chambers solos. On the record, the titles for Tenor Conclave and Bob's Boys have been switched. The LP represents a valuable a&r idea and is an indication of a reenergization of the creative thinking at Prestige that should lead to an important year for them — and for us. *Nat Hentoff (Down Beat, April 30, 1957)*

These four sides should not be hard to locate, as the primary participants in this November 30, 1956, session have all issued them within their individual catalogs. However Tenor Conclave was first released as credited to the "leaderless" Prestige All-Stars — consisting of tenor saxophonists John Coltrane, Hank Mobley, Al Cohn, and Zoot Sims. Providing support are pianist Red Garland, bassist Paul Chambers, and drummer Art Taylor. The Mobley-penned title track commences the effort with the quartet of tenors showing off their stuff in high-flying style. It takes a couple of passes and somewhat of a trained ear to be able to link the players with their contributions, but as is often the case, the whole tends to be greater than the sum of the parts. After a brief introduction with all four rapidly reeling off short riffs, Mobley charges ahead into truly inspired territory. The midtempo take of "Just You, Just Me" keeps things lively with a light swinging pace that is custom-made for bringing the combo's jocular side to the surface, particularly toward the end as they "trade fours," with each tenor blowing four bars before passing the melody on. The other Mobley composition is "Bob's Boys," and by all accounts it is the most compelling piece on the outing. The blues-based tune rollicks as Coltrane, Mobley, Cohn, and Sims find themselves configured in a seeming myriad of sonic face-offs. Wrapping up Tenor Conclave is an ultra-cool and sophisticated "How Deep Is the Ocean?" Cohn commences the long and luscious reading with a subtle strength, suggesting the powerful undercurrent flowing throughout the number. Also, listeners are treated to what is possibly Garland's finest interaction, leading right into Sims, Chambers, and finally a sublime Coltrane caboose. *Lindsay Planer*

1 - Tenor Conclave

(Hank Mobley)

2 - Just You, Just Me

(Jesse Greer, Raymond Klages)

3 - Bob's Boys

(Hank Mobley)

4 - How Deep Is the Ocean

(Irving Berlin)

Hank Mobley, Al Cohn, John Coltrane, Zoot Sims (tenor saxes);

Red Garland (piano); Paul Chambers (bass); Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded at Van Gelder Studio, Hackensack, New Jersey, September 7, 1956

Rare And Obscure Argo Recordings (XXX)

 Axel Ivar Rune Öfwerman was born on Christmas Eve in 1933 in a small village outside Stockholm called Vingaker. He started taking piano lessons at the age of six but lost interest after a couple of years. A few years later, he heard some boogie-woogie records and again became interested in the piano. During his college years in Stockholm he organized a band which soon became very popular. After his school years, Rune decided to become a professional musician.

Played with nearly all the modern jazz musicians in Scandinavia amongst them Rolf Ericson (1952), Carl-Henrik Norin (1954), Hacke Bjørksten (1956), Ove Lind (1957) and Lars Gullin. Became co-owner of the Gazell Record Company and supervised most of the sessions held for this label. 

As a pianist, he lists the late Nat "King" Cole and Clarence "Pinetop" Smith among his strongest influences.

Rune Öfwerman

Cool • Piano With Voices

Altough jazz has been appreciated and played in Europe almost as long as it has in America, it continually amazes one to discover another kindred talent from there. In the northern European or Scandinavian section, musicians of superior worth have been on the modern jazz scene almost from the very beginning. Till now, Bengt Hallberg and Rheinhold Svensson have been the outstanding Nordic pianists. With the emergence of Rune Öfwerman, the field now enlarges. 

⁂

All in all, just from listening to these few offerings by Rune Öfwerman, it seems as though American pianists now have a new talent with which to contend. So also do the pop composers, for Rune's bossa novas are very beautiful, and his "Bobsled" and "M-83" are unusual and interesting. Yes, talented and versatile Rune Öfwerman should be highly successful in the music business, for, as the title of this album indicates, he is very "COOL"! *Joe Segal (liner notes)*

A strange one for Argo, and certainly not in keeping with their usual soul jazz roster of recordings — but also a cool moody session recorded in Scandinavia, and which features the icy piano of Rune Öfwerman, backed by a chorus of voices, for a floating dreamy sound that slightly hints at the Singers Unlimited, and other European vocal groups from the 60s. Titles include "Mellow Cool", "Bossa Nova Sueca", "Ortego Bossa Nova", and "M-83".  *Dusty Groove, Inc.*

Side 1

1 - Whatcha Gonna Do

(Nat "King" Cole)

2 - Amen

(Donald Byrd)

3 - Bobsled

(Rune Öfwerman)

4 - Gospel Walk

(Rune Öfwerman)

5 - Mellow Cool

(Åke Hallgren)

6 - Helen's Theme

(George Riedel)

Side 2

7 - Bossa Nova Sueca

(Rune Öfwerman)

8 - M-83

(Rune Öfwerman)

9 - The Man From Potter's Crossing

(Jimmy Woode)

10 - Ortego Bossa Nova

(Rune Öfwerman)

11 - King's Men

(Rune Öfwerman)

#1 to #6:

Rune Öfwerman (piano), Erik Moseholm (bass), Nils-Bertil Dahlander (drums),

Allan Botschinsky (trumpet #2),  Rolf Billberg (alto sax #2),

unidentified vocal choir directed by Gunnar Lunden-Welden.

Recorded in Copenhagen, Denmark, January 17, 1961

#7, #8, #10:

Rune Öfwerman (piano), Sture Nordin (bass), Egil Johansen (drums),

Rune Gustafsson (guitar #7),  Bjarne Nerem (latin rhythm #7).

Recored in Stockholm, Sweden, November 21, 1961

#9, #11:

Rune Öfwerman (piano), Jimmy Woode (bass), Art Taylor (drums).

Recorded at Europa Film AB, Stockholm, Sweden, February 15, 1961

Leonard Feather Presents… ★1957★

There’s a Curious irony in the fact that of the thousands of jazz albums now flooding the record stores, this is the first LP to be released with bop as its main theme. The wheel has come full circle. Bop became an epithet by the end of the decade, the victim of keyhole columnists who identified it not with music but with eccentricities of clothes, personality and personal habits. Today we can examine the scene in truer perpective and observe that Bop is simply the way most people play jazz in 1959, including the "new star" awards winners in the Down Beat critics' poll.

Among the neglected elements in Bop were not people but tunes — some of the original and exciting compositions that emerged with the first of bop creativity. They were tunes you heard played along 52nd Street; tunes that spoke with a crisp, biting accent expressed in long, unison lines, leaving the harmonic moorings to the rhythm section. All the tunes you'll hear in this LP were products of the men and groups of that day, 'though only Ornithology has become a jazz standard. The others have rarely been re-recorded and a couple have been in oblivion for years.

The music on these sides evokes the atmosphere of a typical set at one of the old 52nd Street clubs, even to the fast two-chorus treatment of the "52nd Street Theme" that invariably ended every set.

To those for whom these performances represent long-overdues revivals, the music on this LP is bound to fill a gap in your collection. If your interest is minly in the instrumentalists, these sides represent an introduction to themes that belong in every jazz library. Either way they should provide a cogent reminder that the music we used to call bop, wich today is an important part of the whole jazz, endowed us with a wealth of material, of ideation and new creation that has a lasting place in the story of jazz. *Leonard Feather (liner notes)*

Leonard Feather Presents Bop 

[a.k.a. Leonard Feather Presents 52nd Street]

This pair of 1957 studio sessions features two separate groups, with alto saxophonist Phil Woods, pianist George Wallington, and bassist Curly Russell involved in both dates, with most of the music drawn from the works of Charlie Parker and Dizzy Gillespie. Trumpeter Idrees Sulieman and drummer Denzil Best join them on the first five selections. Wallington and Woods share the solo spotlight following the scatted group introduction to the pianist's "Lemon Drop" (one of many bop variations of "I Got Rhythm"), while Sulieman also gets a taste. Woods and Sulieman re-create the magic of Parker and Gillespie in a snappy take of "Ornithology". Sulieman switches to muted trumpet for an equally enjoyable take of "Anthropology". The quintet changes for the last five tracks, with Thad Jones on trumpet and Art Taylor on drums. It is not clear who contributed the little-boy vocal to "Salt Peanuts", but it does not distract from this potent arrangement. Taylor's effective drumming powers the cooking version of "Shaw 'Nuff". The next to last track is incorrectly listed as "Billie's Bounce"; it is actually "Now's the Time". Nothing groundbreaking takes place during these bop sessions, but the playing is at a consistently high level. This Mode LP has been reissued by VSOP and the Japanese CD label Tofrec, sometimes under the title Leonard Feather Presents Bop. *Ken Dryden*

1 - Little Benny

(Benny Harris)

2 - Be Bop

(Dizzy Gillespie)

3 - Lemon Drop

(George Wallington)

4 - Ornithology

(Charlie Parker, Benny Harris)

5 - Anthropology

(Charlie Parker)

6 - Salt Peanuts

(Dizzy Gillespie)

7 - Groovin' High

(Dizzy Gillespie)

8 - Shaw' Nuff

(Dizzy Gillespie)

9 - Billie's Bounce

(Charlie Parker)

10 - Hot House / 52nd Street Theme

(Tadd Dameron / Thelonious Monk)

Idrees Sulieman [#1 to #5], Thad Jones [#6 to #10] (trumpets);

Phil Woods (alto sax); George Wallington (piano); Curly Russell (bass);

Denzil Best [#1 to #5], Art Taylor  [#6 to #10] (drums).

Recorded in New York City, August 1957